Shock-absorber.



0.1. JOHNSON. SHOCK ABSORBER APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 1'7, 1913.

Patented Apr. 14,1914.

2 sums-sum 1.

w n w H G 0'. P. JOHNSON.

SHOCK AB$ORBER.

- APFLIGATION FILED JUNE 17, 1913.

Pafcensed Am, 1 3%, 1914.

2 8HEETS-SHBET 2.

Suva/mica of my shocl absorber oi "HEDGE-ABSORBER.

all who???) may concern:

Be it known that l, .CHRIS l JOHNSON, :1. citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco,in the county of San Francisco sncl State of California, have invented cernin new and useful Improvements in Shoclorlbsorbers of which the following is cciiicneion.

\ly invention relates to new and useful improvements in shock absorbers, more pan ticnlerly shock absorbers i'or self-propelled vehicles, and the object oi my invention is to provide it shock absorber in the form of one or more spirnl'springsso formed that with comparatively slight changes it nniy be employed in connection with the common type of elliptic springs now in use.

A further object of my invention to so construct the shock nbsorber that it Will not not only to cushion the rebound of the vehicle, but also to assist the regular springs in cushioning the downward movement of the vehicle body. And it still further obiect of my invention is to provide a shock absorber which, while acting; to prevent both transverse and lateral swaying; of the vehicle body with respect to the running gear, will not be a positive loclnngeinst such swaying and will not therefore be liable to breakage when roughly i'iscd.

With these lllltl other objects in view, ni y invention will be more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and then specifically pointed out in the claims which are attached to and form rt part oi this application.

In the clrewings Figure 1 is a side elevw tion of clonble spring type of my shock absorber employed with springs of the don-- ble scroll pattern; Fig. 2 is it fragmentary perspective View of the shock :ber shown in 1; Fig. 3 iso sirle elevation gle spring type employed in conne on w .;n a, n oi"? the hill. elliptic pattern; i is e. i? nientsry -PQI'SPBCEIEVQ View oi" the form oi shock absorber shown in 3; Fig". 5 is e fragmentary rear elevation. Oil e nehicle showing the employment of my double spring type shock absorber in connection with. an inverted, halt elliptic cross spring;

.l ig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of my clonble spring; type of shock ebsorben Specification of Letters Patent.

Apollo-anon filed June 1'7, 1313.

employeol in connection with it platform spring, tWo shock absorbers being employed, one between the rear ends of each of the half elliptic springs and the adjacent enols of the inverted cross spring.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the some reference characters.

Each of my iniprove'tl shock absorbers, as shown in the various figures of the drawings, includes either one or two spiral springs em.- ployccl in conjunction with one or more elf liptic springs.

In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 22 of the drawings a pair of spiral springs 10 and 11 are employed, each springbeing loosely WOUIlLl and the nner encl of each spring being bent inwardly upon itself to form on eye 12, While the outer" eml of each spring -is bent outwardly upon itself to form an eye 13, the convolutions of the spring being so proportioned that under normal strain both these eyes will lie in a common. line drawn through the center oi curvature of the spring. A. spring" having two or three convohitions is preferred and the strength of the spring may of course be varied by varying the temper oi the steel, the thiclc ness of the bonclforming the spring and the width thereof. For this reason, the

springs may be constructed for use with any sise and Weight of vehicle. I J

in employing the above type of snocl: nbsorber with springs of the double scroll elliptic type shown in Fig. ll, that one oi? the double links M which s ving'ingly con neciis the rear ends of the upper and lower Springs 15 and 16 is removed and ti e two springs, positioned one upon either side of the elliptic springs, substituted in its place, being; securerl by a bolt 1"? passed through the eyes 13 of the spiral springs and through the eye 18 of the lower spring anal by bolt 19 passed ti gh eyes 15.2 of the spiral springs one. tne eye 2. .0 of the upper elliptic spring.

From the foregoing clescription, in connection with Figs. 1 and 33, it Willbe zipper-- ent that any inci ement ofv the elliptic springs 15 and i6 toner-cl each other will tend to open up the spiral springs 10 {inclshown in this figurethe shock absorbers are v2. The single type of spring should how springs away from each other will tend to tighten the spiral springs, the spiral springs oflering the greatest resistance to this latter movement and therefore actingmorc strongly to cushion the rebound of the vehicle than the downward movement of its body.

In Figs. 3 and 4 Ihavc illustrated the employment of my single spring type of shock absorber in connection with a double elliptic spring, the elliptic springs being indicated by the numerals 21, and 22. The spiral spring 23 forming this type shock absorber is practically identical construction with the springs 10 and 11 cept that its outer end is sprung sligh away from the body of the spring and. in bent inwardly upon itself to form an instead of outwardly. The sprir l is i.\ convolutions the same as the and 11 and the "ends are in a line through the center of curvature of spring. In applying this type absorber to the pattern of spr' Figs. 3 and 4, the bolt 25 com rear ends of the elliptic'spring: and the eye 24 of the outer end of t spring'- positioned between the p cars 26 atthe rear end of the upper elspring 21 when the bolt 25 is age through said ears and the eye the outer end of the spiral spr rear end of the upper elliptic bolt 27 .is passed through that ends of links 28 similar to th shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and thror 29 .at the rear end of the lo spring. The inner end of the s is positioned between the perior ends of the links 28 and secured a bolt 30. It will therefore be seen that the spiral spring is pivotallyconnccted to one clli I spring and pivotallv connected by a swinging link to the other elliptic spring. its action is practically the same as thatof the double spring type illustrated in Figs. 1 and ever, be made wider and thicker to give it the necessary strength.

In Fi 5 I have illustrated a method hv which file shock absorber of the doub spring type may be employed between the 'rear axle 31 of a vehicle and the ends of an inverted half elliptic cross spring 32. .ns

mounted'between the ends of the half ellip tic spring and brackets carried by the rear axlecasing. These brackets 33' may be of any suitable type and extend upwardly and inwardly terminating in perforated eyes. the'two' springs 10 and 11- illnstrated in Fig. 2 and previously described. being posl tioned one upon either side ofthe eyes and a bolt 34: being passed through the eyes 12 and the eyes of the brackets. A bolt 35 is spiral s passed through the outer end of the spiral then passed through the eycslll of the spiral springs and the eye's at the ends of the half elliptic spring 32.

In Fig. 6 I have illustrated the double spring shock absorber employed in connection with a conventional form of platform spring 38 in including the two half elliptic springs 37 and 38 and the half elliptic, inverted cross spring 39, the shock absorbers in this case being shackled between the rear ads of the side springs and the adjacent l of the inverted spring. The inner. ends ie springs 10 and 11 are, secured to the of the inverted spring by bolt '40,

. w .ne the outer ends of the springs are vingingly secured by shackles 41 to the rear ends of the adjacent side springs.

should be noted that in all instances the s iiringsforming the shock. absorber, when in -pla ce,'have their terminals dis posed in vertical alinement with each other and it should further ,be noted that. theinv nor. terminal of thespring is in oach'case cccentrically,,d1sposed within the inner convolution or whirL being located betweenthe I center of the whirl. and the outer end of the spring. Furthermore, the shock absorber, when secured in place between the semi-elliptic springs or between the semiclliptic spring and brackets, always lies at one side or the other, [that is either above or below the spring or one of the springs to which it is secured.-

lTrom the foregoing description it will be apparent that ali'forms of the shock absorber are practically identical andIthat in every case the shock absorber operates in substantially the manner. j

Of course the various figures illustrate only a few of the many ways in which shock absorbers oi? the above types "may be employed, but it will. be understood that I do not wish in any wayto limit myself entirely to its "use in the various ways shown or to even limit myself to the exact details of construction of the shock absorbers themselves, as anyehanfeg'es, within the scope of the appended claims, may be made at any time without in the slightest degrec doparting from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus" described the invention, what is claimed as new is: i p v i .l. A. shock absorbervincluding' a spiral spring, the ends of which are adapted for attachment to relatively movable parts of a vehicle, the inner end of the spring being (lispo i cccentrically within the inner whirl thereoi.

2. In a shock absorber, the combination with a seri-elliptic spring, of a pair of p pivotal connecting means springs and one end of the semi-elliptic spring to secure the spiral springs one upon 1,093,187 either side of the semi-elliptic spring, and In testimony whereof I affix my signature I means'for attaching the inner ends of the in presence of two witnesses. spiraispririgs to a relatively movablepart CHRIS P. JOHNSON, [1,. s.] of a vehicle. body, the inner ends of the \VitnesseS: i 5 spiral springs being disposed eccentrically A. J. HENRY,

of the inner whirls thereof. IA. 13-. HANSEN. 

